A Comparison of Online, Video Synchronous, and Traditional Learning Modes for an Introductory Undergraduate Physics CourseFaulconer, E. K., Griffith, J., Wood, B., Acharyya, S., & Roberts, D. (2018). A comparison of online, video synchronous, and traditional learning modes for an introductory undergraduate physics course. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 27(5), 404-411.
This article is unique because, unlike most articles comparing online to traditional classes, this one looks at the whole-class level, rather than just a single assignment or lab. In this article, researchers compare failure rate, grade distribution, and withdrawal rates for the same introductory physics course, offered in three different modes. While the authors conclude that more research is needed to figure out the reasons behind their results, the trends that they do find between class modes is interesting.